The swords are cromosomes, the small mini slash through the chromosomes are genes. The big B's mean they are identical, if there were a big B and a small b, then they are different. Or if there was an A and a B, then they would be different. It's when you don't have crayons or markers to color them differently, you label them as different letters to show they are different.
Also the process of G1 phase -> S phase -> G2 phase are the process of interphase right?
